The intake system controls the engine’s power and torque, hence it’s very important in any engine. To keep the engine cylinder running smoothly, it’s crucial that the combustion chambers generate the same amount of pressure. Maintaining a constant charge across all cylinders will accomplish this goal. This is in addition to the fact that the charge air and fuel ratio and other physical parameters must be same. Keep reading to learn more.
Function
Carburetors are used to introduce air and fuel into the combustion process. Each cylinder receives the same quantity of air and fuel from the intake manifold. The timing of the valves must be precise simultaneously.
According to the compression ratio, each piston has to squeeze the charge. If the ignition’s timing is good, the spark will occur at the right moment. In fact, the load may not be uniform across all cylinders due to variations in the intake manifold’s temperature, flow rate, contour, angle, and passage size. At low speeds, the difference in engine performance becomes apparent.
Design
Intake manifolds are often made out of metal or cast iron tubing. Chrome plating or powder coating are also options for Toda manifolds. The carburetor is also positioned centrally on the intake tube. The air-fuel combination is able to enter the engine cylinder without obstruction because to the efficient layout of the system. The design calls for the carburetor to be fastened to the intake manifold, which in turn is fastened to the engine block.
Modern intake manifolds are designed to speed up the evaporation of the fuel in the air-fuel combination. The engine’s cooling system and the exhaust gases are further contributors to the thermal environment. Thermostat valves are what really regulate the temperature.
System Architecture
In a nutshell:
When it comes to connecting the engine’s cylinders to the carburetor, a single channel intake manifold is your best choice. However, a double barrel manifold has two individual tubes for each cylinder. As a result, a four-cylinder engine’s four intake channels will combine into a single exhaust pipe leading to the carburetor.
Conflicting Pipes:
Dual intake manifolds typically have two pipes & two carburetors, with each pipe supplying one carburetor with half of the engine’s required air intake. The goal is to avoid having the stroke overlap in the manifold. Therefore, it may aid in creating a more consistent air-fuel ratio.
Quad:
In addition, some of today’s engine designs have a quartet of exhaust outlets. Intake manifolds typically have four pipes, with the first & second going to cylinders 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 in a certain sequence. However, the other tubes go to cylinders in the following sequence: 1, 4, 6, and 7.
To sum up, the purpose of the intake manifold in an automobile engine was briefly covered. You can learn a lot more about the engine as a whole if you put in the time and effort to study it.